Study on Liver-protective Effect of Chinese Herbal Compound Probiotics on Acute Liver Injury Layers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the liver-protective effect of Chinese herbal compound probiotics (CHCP) on acute liver injury layers.One hundred and eight 1 day old hens were divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 9 layers per replicate in trial 1.The layers in model groups Ⅰ to Ⅲ were gavaged with 10% (V/V) soybean oil solution of carbon tetrachloride (SCCl₄) according to 1,2 and 4 mL/(kg·BW) at 14,28 and 35 d,respectively.The layers in control group were gavaged with 2 mL/(kg·BW) soybean oil.In trial 2,sixty 1 d layers were divided into 5 groups:Control group (soybean oil),model control group(SCCl₄)and low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose CHCP group (SCCl₄+1‰ CHCP,SCCl₄+2‰ CHCP and SCCl₄+4‰ CHCP respectively).CHCP were used by drinking water since 7 days.SCCl₄ were gavaged according to 2 mL/(kg·BW) at 14 and 28 d.The results showed as follows:The model of layers liver damage could be built by intragastric administration of 2 mL/(kg·BW) 10%(V/V) SCCl₄ at 14,28 d respectively,with the signs of hepatic steatosis,severe vacuolar degeneration,nuclear condensation and necrosis.Compared to the model control group,the serum AST levels in low,medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 4.35% (P > 0.05),7.57% (P > 0.05) and 9.79% (P < 0.05),the serum ALT levels in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 34.92% (P < 0.01),36.51% (P < 0.01),the serum total bilirubin content in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 25.49% (P < 0.01),27.45% (P < 0.01).The liver cell congestion was reduced to varying degrees in different dose CHCP groups,and the liver cell had no vacuoles,arranged in neat rows,abundant cytoplasm and uniform in different dose CHCP groups.In conclusion,2‰,4‰ CHCP could reduce hepatocyte necrosis,decrease the serum activities of ALT,AST and total bilirubin levels,and had protective effect on hepatic injury induced by SCCl₄.     

15种杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾卵的毒力测定

采用浸卵法测定了15种杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾卵的毒力,并比较了不同杀虫剂的毒力水平。结果表明:100 mg/L处理后48 h,甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(甲维盐)和灭多威对草地贪夜蛾卵孵化抑制率最高,达到100%,其LC 50分别为12.67 mg/L和16.95 mg/L;而200 mg/L的氯虫苯甲酰胺、多杀霉素、阿维菌素、高效氯氰菊酯、虱螨脲、辛硫磷和杀螟丹分别处理后72 h对草地贪夜蛾卵的孵化抑制率次之,在69.6%~87.65%之间,其LC 50分别为44.1、50.9、78.37、79.0、98.15、126.8 mg/L和137.7 mg/L。依据毒力测定的结果和高效低毒类杀虫剂优先选用的原则,推荐选择甲维盐、氯虫苯甲酰胺、多杀霉素、阿维菌素和高效氯氰菊酯作为防治草地贪夜蛾卵的主要药剂。     

5种杀虫剂对青菜黄曲条跳甲的毒力测定及田间药效

为了筛选有效防治青菜黄曲条跳甲的药剂,在室内测定了5种杀虫剂对黄曲条跳甲成虫的毒力,并开展了这5种药剂对黄曲条跳甲的田间药效试验。毒力测定结果表明,10%啶虫脒WP对黄曲条跳甲的毒力最高,28%杀虫·啶虫脒WP毒力最低,LC50分别为7.20 mg/L和18.63 mg/L,5种药剂的毒力大小依次为:10%啶虫脒WP>42%啶虫·哒螨灵WP>5%鱼藤酮SL>15%哒螨灵EC>28%杀虫·啶虫脒WP。田间药效试验结果表明,42%啶虫·哒螨灵WP和15%哒螨灵EC的防效最优,10%啶虫脒WP、28%杀虫·啶虫脒WP和5%鱼藤酮SL 3种药剂总体防效相当,但低于42%啶虫·哒螨灵WP和15%哒螨灵EC。综合来看,建议使用42%啶虫·哒螨灵WP 126~189 g/hm2、15%哒螨灵EC 90~135 g/hm2、28%杀虫·啶虫脒WP 294~420 g/hm2、10%啶虫脒WP 60~90 g/hm2、5%鱼藤酮SL 150~225 g/hm2对青菜黄曲条跳甲进行防治。     

水中丝状藻类有害藻华的形成与对策

文章通过对常见丝状藻类及其形成藻华形态的描述,综述丝状藻藻华的形成条件及危害,说明各种水体中控制丝状藻藻华的必要性和紧迫性,概述了常见控制藻类药物和药物的致毒机理,为丝状藻类及其藻华的控制提供参考。     

不同形态硼对油菜幼苗铝毒的缓解效应及其FTIR特征分析

采用水培法,以油菜品种Cao 221167为试验材料,设置无机态硼酸(BA)和有机态山梨醇硼(SB)及不同Al~(3+)(0、100、200和500μmol L~(–1))处理,研究不同形态硼(B)对油菜幼苗铝(Al)毒的缓解作用及不同形态B之间的缓解效应差异,以及利用FTIR(傅里叶红外光谱)技术分析叶片各物质含量的变化。结果表明,Al毒胁迫下,不同形态B(BA和SB)处理,显著提高植株生物量和根系长度(0、100、200和500μmol L~(–1) Al毒胁迫下BA处理根长分别增加了52.15%、101.45%、366.70%和18.73%;SB处理分别增加了46.80%、133.98%、261.36%和10.77%),提高色素含量和SOD活性,而降低了Al含量、MDA含量和POD活性。不同形态B处理下,油菜幼苗在200μmol L~(–1) Al~(3+)处理下长势、生物量及色素含量最高。在500μmol L~(–1) Al~(3+)处理下,油菜幼苗株高、根长、总干鲜重及色素含量显著低于无Al处理;FTIR分析表明,Al毒胁迫下油菜叶片中蛋白质和低聚糖等含量明显上升,加硼明显降低了蛋白质和低聚糖的含量,且BA处理降低幅度明显高于SB处理。说明不同形态B(BA和SB)的添加均明显缓解Al毒,且BA对Al毒缓解效果优于SB,这为农业生产中施用何种硼肥来缓解Al毒起到一定的指导作用。     

血浆D-二聚体和超敏C反应蛋白检测在急性脑梗死中的临床价值

目的探讨血浆D-二聚体(D-dimer,D-D)及超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)水平与急性脑梗死(acute cerebral infarct,ACI)的关系。方法采用免疫透射比浊法检测102例ACI患者和50例正常对照者血浆D-D和hs-CRP水平。根据梗死灶大小102例ACI患者分为大梗死灶组、中梗死灶组和小梗死灶组,并进行相关统计分析。结果 ACI组患者血浆D-D和hs-CRP水平显著高于正常对照组(P0.01);大梗死灶组D-D和hs-CRP水平明显高于中、小梗死灶,而中梗死灶组D-D和hs-CRP水平高于小梗死灶组。结论监测血浆D-D和hs-CRP能为ACI的临床诊断、病情判断提供重要的参考依据。     

玉米赤霉烯酮对动物繁殖性能的毒性作用及其机制

玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）一种由镰刀菌属产生的次级代谢物，化学结构与内源性雌激素相似，因此，ZEA可通过与雌激素竞争性结合雌激素受体，导致动物机体生殖激素代谢紊乱，诱发生殖器官形变及功能障碍，严重危害动物繁殖系统，解决ZEA污染问题己经成为当务之急。本文对ZEA的理化特性、毒性作用等进行综述，以期为有效缓解ZEA毒性及提高动物繁殖性能、促进畜牧业健康发展提供理论依据。     

大鳞副泥鳅幼苗敌百虫毒性试验的研究

在大鳞副泥鳅人工繁殖过程中,发现剑水蚤特别容易在孵化箱内聚积,严重地影响了孵化效果.为了解决生产中出现的问题,进行了大鳞副泥鳅幼苗敌百虫毒性试验.选择敌百虫晶体原液(含量≥90%),试验设计一个空白组和五个浓度梯度试验组,每组放入幼苗30尾,经24 h和48 h的观察后,试验结果:大鳞副泥鳅苗种安全浓度为1.25 mg...     

结石通片对小鼠的急性毒性试验及其对乙二酰胺致大鼠肾结石的作用研究

[目的] 研究结石通片对小鼠的急性毒性作用,对健康大鼠的利尿作用,以及对乙二酰胺致大鼠肾结石的调节作用。[方法] 取ICR小鼠40只,雌、雄各半,随机分为对照组与给药组,每组20只,观察结石通片给药前后小鼠的体重变化和死亡情况;另取SD大鼠36只,雌、雄各半,分为对照组、低剂量组（给予5%结石通片溶液）和高剂量组（给予10%结石通片溶液）,统计各组大鼠24 h排尿量;并采用42只雄性SD大鼠,考查结石通片对给予乙二酰胺（2%掺喂）后大鼠体重、肾重和肾重比的影响。[结果] 给予结石通片溶液后,连续观察7 d,小鼠的各项生理活动未见明显异常,给药组与对照组相比体重差异不显著（P>0.05）;与对照组比较,给予结石通片溶液后大鼠24 h内排尿量明显增加（P<0.01）;与对照组比较,给药组随着给药剂量的增加,结晶和结石的数量极显著（P<0.01或P<0.001）减少,形成结石的动物数量极显著（P<0.01或P<0.001）减少。[结论] 结石通片对小鼠无明显急性毒性作用,对大鼠利尿作用明显,并对乙二酰胺致大鼠肾结石具有明显抑制作用。